Documentation

Mathlib.Data.Tree.Basic

Binary tree #

Provides binary tree storage for values of any type, with O(lg n) retrieval. See also Lean.Data.RBTree for red-black trees - this version allows more operations to be defined and is better suited for in-kernel computation.

We also specialize for Tree Unit, which is a binary tree without any additional data. We provide the notation a △ b for making a Tree Unit with children a and b.

TODO #

Implement a Traversable instance for Tree.

References #

https://leanprover-community.github.io/archive/stream/113488-general/topic/tactic.20question.html

inductive Tree (α : Type u) :

A binary tree with values stored in non-leaf nodes.

instance instDecidableEqTree :
{α : Type u_1} → [inst : DecidableEq α] → DecidableEq (Tree α)
Equations
  • instDecidableEqTree = decEqTree✝
instance instReprTree :
{α : Type u_1} → [inst : Repr α] → Repr (Tree α)
Equations
  • instReprTree = { reprPrec := reprTree✝ }
instance Tree.instInhabited {α : Type u} :
Equations
  • Tree.instInhabited = { default := Tree.nil }
def Tree.map {α : Type u} {β : Type u_1} (f : αβ) :
Tree αTree β

Apply a function to each value in the tree. This is the map function for the Tree functor.

Equations
def Tree.numNodes {α : Type u} :
Tree α

The number of internal nodes (i.e. not including leaves) of a binary tree

Equations
  • Tree.nil.numNodes = 0
  • (Tree.node a a_1 a_2).numNodes = a_1.numNodes + a_2.numNodes + 1
def Tree.numLeaves {α : Type u} :
Tree α

The number of leaves of a binary tree

Equations
  • Tree.nil.numLeaves = 1
  • (Tree.node a a_1 a_2).numLeaves = a_1.numLeaves + a_2.numLeaves
def Tree.height {α : Type u} :
Tree α

The height - length of the longest path from the root - of a binary tree

Equations
  • Tree.nil.height = 0
  • (Tree.node a a_1 a_2).height = max a_1.height a_2.height + 1
theorem Tree.numLeaves_eq_numNodes_succ {α : Type u} (x : Tree α) :
x.numLeaves = x.numNodes + 1
theorem Tree.numLeaves_pos {α : Type u} (x : Tree α) :
0 < x.numLeaves
theorem Tree.height_le_numNodes {α : Type u} (x : Tree α) :
x.height x.numNodes
def Tree.left {α : Type u} :
Tree αTree α

The left child of the tree, or nil if the tree is nil

Equations
  • Tree.nil.left = Tree.nil
  • (Tree.node a a_1 a_2).left = a_1
def Tree.right {α : Type u} :
Tree αTree α

The right child of the tree, or nil if the tree is nil

Equations
  • Tree.nil.right = Tree.nil
  • (Tree.node a a_1 a_2).right = a_2
def Tree.unitRecOn {motive : Tree UnitSort u_1} (t : Tree Unit) (base : motive Tree.nil) (ind : (x y : Tree Unit) → motive xmotive ymotive (Tree.node () x y)) :
motive t
Equations
theorem Tree.left_node_right_eq_self {x : Tree Unit} (_hx : x Tree.nil) :
Tree.node () x.left x.right = x